{"raw_record_id":"a1431b0e-a5d4-4072-91e5-173f9722607a","external_id":"11625","record_hash":"03572f6a34991d45a53438ea54bab6093b93bdd4bc158c6fc35c4309fe81f6dc","raw_record":{"individual":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"ماهر","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"الأسد","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"32706","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"place-of-birth":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"34899","quality":"good","place-id":"1768"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"@attributes":{"sex":"male"},"justification":{"_text":"Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Assad family; brother of former President Bashar al-Assad.","@attributes":{"ssid":"93753"}},"other-information":[{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"93754"}},{"_text":"Related to Manal Al-Assad (SSID 200-12250) and Bashar Al-Assad (SSID 200-11614)","@attributes":{"ssid":"107092"}}]},"@attributes":{"ssid":"11625"},"modification":[{"added":{"other-information":[{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"93754"}},{"_text":"Related to Manal Al-Assad (SSID 200-12250) and Bashar Al-Assad (SSID 200-11614)","@attributes":{"ssid":"107092"}}]},"removed":{"relation":[{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"25907","target-id":"12250","relation-type":"related-to"}},{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"33430","target-id":"11614","relation-type":"related-to"}}],"other-information":{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"93754"}}},"@attributes":{"effective-date":"2026-06-17","enactment-date":"2026-06-17","publication-date":"2026-06-17","modification-type":"amended"}},{"added":{"justification":{"_text":"Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Assad family; brother of former President Bashar al-Assad.","@attributes":{"ssid":"93753"}},"other-information":{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"93754"}}},"removed":{"justification":{"_text":"Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division. Member of the Assad family; brother of President Bashar al-Assad.","@attributes":{"ssid":"42101"}},"other-information":{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army's 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"34898"}}},"@attributes":{"effective-date":"2025-06-20","enactment-date":"2025-06-20","publication-date":"2025-06-20","modification-type":"amended"}},{"added":{"target":{"individual":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"ماهر","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"الأسد","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"32706","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"place-of-birth":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"34899","quality":"good","place-id":"1768"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"relation":[{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"25907","target-id":"12250","relation-type":"related-to"}},{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"33430","target-id":"11614","relation-type":"related-to"}}],"@attributes":{"sex":"male"},"justification":{"_text":"Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division. Member of the Assad family; brother of President Bashar al-Assad.","@attributes":{"ssid":"42101"}},"other-information":{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army's 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"34898"}}},"@attributes":{"ssid":"11625"},"sanctions-set-id":"3986"}},"removed":{"target":{"individual":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"ماهر","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"الأسد","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"32706","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"place-of-birth":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"34899","quality":"good","place-id":"1768"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"relation":[{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"25907","target-id":"12250","relation-type":"related-to"}},{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"33430","target-id":"11614","relation-type":"related-to"}}],"justification":{"_text":"Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of 'colonel' and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army's 4th Armoured Division. Member of the Assad family; brother of President Bashar Al-Assad.","@attributes":{"ssid":"34897"}},"other-information":{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army's 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"34898"}}},"@attributes":{"ssid":"11625"},"sanctions-set-id":"3986"}},"@attributes":{"effective-date":"2020-06-26","enactment-date":"2020-06-25","publication-date":"2020-06-26","modification-type":"amended"}},{"added":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"ماهر","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"الأسد","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"32706","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"place-of-birth":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"34899","quality":"good","place-id":"1768"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"justification":{"_text":"Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of 'colonel' and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army's 4th Armoured Division. Member of the Assad family; brother of President Bashar Al-Assad.","@attributes":{"ssid":"34897"}},"other-information":{"_text":"Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army's 4th Armoured Division","@attributes":{"ssid":"34898"}}},"removed":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"ماهر","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"الأسد","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"32706","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"justification":{"_text":"Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division, member of Ba’ath Party Central Command, strongman of the Republican Guard; brother of President Bashar Al-Assad; principal overseer of violence against demonstrators.","@attributes":{"ssid":"11626"}}},"@attributes":{"effective-date":"2016-10-11","enactment-date":"2016-10-10","publication-date":"2016-10-11","modification-type":"amended"}},{"added":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"ماهر","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"},"spelling-variant":{"_text":"الأسد","@attributes":{"lang":"ARA","script":"ARAB","spelling-variant-type":"not-defined"}}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"32706","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"relation":[{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"25907","target-id":"12250","relation-type":"related-to"}},{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"33430","target-id":"11614","relation-type":"related-to"}}]},"removed":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"26033","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"relation":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"25907","target-id":"12250","relation-type":"related-to"}}},"@attributes":{"effective-date":"2016-01-19","enactment-date":"2016-01-18","publication-date":"2016-01-19","modification-type":"amended"}},{"added":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":[{"value":"Maher","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},{"value":"Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"2","name-part-type":"family-name"}}],"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"26033","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"given-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"25745","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"relation":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"ssid":"25907","target-id":"12250","relation-type":"related-to"}}},"removed":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":{"value":"Maher Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"whole-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"11630","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"whole-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"11631","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}}},"@attributes":{"effective-date":"2013-11-06","enactment-date":"2013-11-04","publication-date":"2013-11-05","modification-type":"amended"}},{"added":{"target":{"individual":{"identity":{"name":[{"name-part":{"value":"Maher Al-Assad","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"whole-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"11630","quality":"good","name-type":"primary-name"}},{"name-part":{"value":"Mahir","@attributes":{"order":"1","name-part-type":"whole-name"}},"@attributes":{"lang":"eng","ssid":"11631","quality":"good","name-type":"alias"}}],"@attributes":{"main":"true","ssid":"11627"},"day-month-year":{"_text":null,"@attributes":{"day":"8","ssid":"11628","year":"1967","month":"12","quality":"good","calendar":"Gregorian"}},"identification-document":{"issuer":{"_text":"Syrian Arab Republic","@attributes":{"code":"SY"}},"number":"4138","@attributes":{"ssid":"21378","document-type":"diplomatic-passport"}}},"justification":{"_text":"Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division, member of Ba’ath Party Central Command, strongman of the Republican Guard; brother of President Bashar Al-Assad; principal overseer of violence against demonstrators.","@attributes":{"ssid":"11626"}}},"@attributes":{"ssid":"11625"},"sanctions-set-id":"3986"}},"@attributes":{"modification-type":"listed"}}],"sanctions-set-id":"3986"},"snapshot_id":"9f8fb46e-d935-43ec-812c-a6eb8e13cbcf","snapshot_sha256":"e1ebf355f4854d22d623064c808e82dfdf16ea40c3be7d6c258c729d6228e64c","fetched_at":"2026-10-20T03:00:39.324778+00:00","source_name":"Swiss SECO Sanctions Consolidated List","source_url":"https://www.seco.admin.ch/en/searching-for-subjects-sanctions","document_url":"https://www.sesam.search.admin.ch/sesam-search-web/pages/downloadXmlGesamtliste.xhtml?action=downloadXmlGesamtlisteAction&lang=en"}