{"raw_record_id":"183d1710-5c1a-4cae-9e89-916c72745ac9","external_id":"member:OJ:L_202601708:3","record_hash":"0bf5bcfd1d4b2de6b5cf53aad12030d81840784b1b361ce0b286f2039af6a42d","raw_record":{"source":"EUR-Lex","aliases":["VK"],"reasons":["VK is one of the main technological companies in Russia. It provides email and chat services and runs applications and the social media website VKontakte.","VK is the parent company of Communication Platform LLC, the developer and manager of state-supported mobile phone application Max. The development of the Max application was supervised by the Federal Security Service (FSB), which established requirements that the developers of the Max application had to meet. The Max application must be pre-installed on all mobile phones and tablets sold in Russia and is integrated with the Gosuslugi service.","According to numerous experts, the Max application has extensive surveillance features and can monitor communications, including the use of virtual private networks (VPNs), gather data on other applications installed on phones, monitor address books, identify the location of users and install autonomous updates. The introduction and promotion of the Max application by the Russian state have been accompanied by a crackdown on and blocking of other independent applications, such as WhatsApp and Telegram, as well as by a campaign to limit the use of VPNs, which allowed users to access content blocked in Russia.","Information gathered by Russian authorities through the Max application served as a basis to fine a Russian citizen for content posted on the application.","The Max application has benefitted from government-imposed blocks on access to Western and independent competitors, such as Instagram, Facebook, Telegram and WhatsApp, enabling it to increase its revenue and market share.","VK has cooperated with Russian authorities in their repressive actions, including by providing them with data concerning users of its services who posted content criticising Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, or other content banned by the authorities.","VK has also participated in the government-ordered ban on the use of VPNs, through which Russian internet users could previously access independent content on the internet.","Therefore, VK provides technical support for the repression of civil society and democratic opposition, including by assisting and facilitating such acts."],"legal_act":{"oj_id":"202601708","title":"COUNCIL IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2026/1708 of 13 July 2026 implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1485 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Russia","eli_url":"https://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2026/1708/oj","celex_id":"32026R1708","annex_ref":"Annex IV","fetch_url":"https://publications.europa.eu/resource/cellar/0bf57705-7e9c-11f1-bf5e-01aa75ed71a1.0006.03/DOC_1","act_number":"2026/1708","base_celex":"32024R1485","regime_name":"Russia human rights","program_code":"EU-2024-1485","declared_rows":16,"expected_rows":16,"amendment_date":"2026-07-13","structural_rows":16},"name_lines":["VK (previously known as Mail.ru group, VK Company Limited)","(Russian: VK)"],"row_number":"3","date_designated":"2026-07-13","identifying_information":["Address: Moscow, 125167, Leningradsky prospekt 39, bld. 79","Vk.com","Vk.company","INN (Russian tax ID): 3900015862","TIN (TIN): 3900015862","OGRN (Trade register number): 1233900010585"]},"snapshot_id":"cd0cc155-c145-4f42-abaf-8d0bb9dbf5c0","snapshot_sha256":"710f7ce7b7c7f01ddb5c011129fa5e76fe40fc7705d8dc01a000f763f19edb7e","fetched_at":"2026-09-04T10:38:54.240683+00:00","source_name":"EUR-Lex","source_url":"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/","document_url":"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=OJ:L_202601708"}